Thermochemical Catalysis of Metal Oxides

Thermochemical catalysis of metal oxides involves using heat to drive catalytic reactions facilitated by metal oxide surfaces. These materials—such as TiO₂, CeO₂, and Fe₂O₃—play a crucial role in redox processes, enabling the conversion of chemical energy through reversible oxidation and reduction cycles. Their catalytic performance depends on factors like surface area, oxygen vacancy concentration, and metal–oxygen bond strength. Thermochemical metal oxide catalysts are widely studied for applications in energy conversion and storage, including solar fuel production, CO₂ reduction, and water splitting, due to their stability, tunable electronic structure, and ability to operate efficiently at high temperatures